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KMID : 0988920140120020090
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Intestinal Research
2014 Volume.12 No. 2 p.90 ~ p.95
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Lipopolysaccharide: Basic Biochemistry, Intracellular Signaling, and Physiological Impacts in the Gut
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Rhee Sang-Hoon
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Abstract
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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a main constituent of Gram-negative bacterial membrane, specifically activates Toll-like receptor4, leading to the production of pleiotropic cytokines/chemokines which in turn regulate inflammatory and innate and subsequentadaptive immune responses. Given that human gut harbors a large collection of commensal bacteria, LPS released bygut microbes is able to make the great impact on gut homeostasis through the intracellular signaling pathways engaged byhost-microbial interaction. Emerging evidence indicates that LPS in the gut has a potency to elicit the pathogenesis of intestinalinflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and necrotizing enterocolitis. In this review, we discuss the currentunderstanding of the basic biochemistry of LPS, LPS-induced intracellular signaling, and physiological impacts of LPS in theintestine. (Intest Res 2014;12:90-95)
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KEYWORD
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Lipopolysaccharides, Toll-like receptors, Inflammatory bowel diseases
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